Parallels Between The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway and The Great Gatsby

Parallels Between The Sun Also Rises by Hemingway and The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the decade of the 1920's, America was going through many changes, evolving from the Victorian Period to the Jazz Age. Changing with the times, the young adults of the 1920's were considered the "Lost Generation". The Great War was over in 1918. Men who returned from the war had the scars of war imprinted in their minds. The eighteenth amendment was ratified in 1919 which prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of liquor in the United States. Despite the eighteenth amendment, most people think of large, lavish parties when thinking about the 1920's. The nineteenth amendment was passed in 1920 which gave women the right to vote, a major accomplishment in the women's right movement. Women traded in their long, pinned-up hair styles for short, stylish bob haircuts. Two great American literary writers emerged from the "Lost Generation": namely Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald. Both men wrote their best novels during the 1920's in which they examined the evils of the time, and the consequences that accompanied the actions of the characters who acted on such vices. There are parallels between the vices of Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises and the vices of Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby: namely excessive alcohol consumption, sexual promiscuity, and the power of money. The first parallel between a vice in Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises and a vice in Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is that of excessive alcohol consumption. The character's in The Sun Also Rises; namely Brett Ashley, Jake Barnes, Robert Cohn, Mike Campbell and Pedro Romero, are residing in Europe were there is no prohibition on liquor. Whet... ...oney and all the people he know through business contacts and the many parties he had thrown, only Nick and Gatsby's father attended his funeral. In conclusion, there are several parallels of vices between Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises and Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby: namely the excessive consumption of alcohol, sexual promiscuity, and the power of money. WORKS CITED Fitzgerald, Scott F. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribers, 1925. Jones. Interview. Celebration. BBS message 1160. 10/11/94. Hemingway, Ernest. The Sun Also Rises. New York: Macmillan, 1954. McDowell, Nicholas. Hemingway. Vero Beach: Rourke, 1989. Monique, Interview. Theme. BBS message 1755. 11/03/94. Rood, Karen Lane, ed. Dictionary of Literary Biography American Writers in Paris, 1920-1939. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 1980. J:ofsengclarklessaylindasch.doc   

Literary Theory Essay on Dryden’s ‘an Essay on Dramatic Poesy’

Mimesis, the Greek word for imitation, has been of major importance in the history of aesthetic and literary theory. It is the earlier way to judge any work of art in relation to reality and to decide whether its representation is accurate or not. Though this mode starts from Plato, it runs through many great theorists of Renaissance up to some modern theorists as well. A literary work is taken to be a representation of reality or of any aspect of it.Plato holds a rather negative view on mimesis; he sees the work of an artist as a simple imitation of imitations, a work that is removed from the essence of nature and one that represents imagination rather than truth, thus introducing the audience to a world of illusions. Aristotle, on the other hand, treats imitation as a basic human faculty, which expresses itself in arts like Literature, music and painting. Unlike Plato, Aristotle believes that it is ungrateful to consider imitation as a mere copy or reflection of reality since it in volves a complex meditation of nature that reveals human creativity.It is therefore considered as a human Art. This essay deals essentially with the neoclassical conception of Mimesis, and the attitude of the neoclassicist John Dryden towards the ancient literary theory. Neoclassicism was a widespread and influential movement in literature and visual arts enduring from the early 17th century until around 1750 . Neoclassical writers looked to ancient Greek and Roman writers for inspiration and guidance and reaffirmed literary composition as a rational and rule-bound process, requiring a great deal of craft, labor and study.Central to neoclassical literary theory and practice was the concept of imitation; In the Neoclassical view , Mimesis has been understood as the imitation of nature as objects or phenomena , which means in effect , that literature imitates other modes of discourse , such as philosophy ,ethics , rhetoric , the natural and social sciences , religion , psychology or l inguistics . Neoclassicists believed that writers should strive to achieve excellence by imitating those great writers of the past rather than by trying to be original and innovative.The essence of Art thus becomes reinvention and rediscovery. The complex notion of nature, which was closely related to the notion of imitation, referred to aspects of the real world and human behavior, to what was central, timeless, and universal in human experience. The Neoclassical writers generally saw the ancients such as Homer and Aristotle as having already discovered and expressed the fundamental laws of nature . Hence , the external world, including the world of human action , could best be expressed by modern writers if they followed the path of imitation already paved by the ancients.Invention was of course allowed but only as a modification of past models, not in the form of a rupture. The Neo-classicist theorist John Dryden is known for his support of the theory and practice of the Greek an d Roman writers of antiquity and his belief in the necessity of a continuation and development of the rules set by the ancients. Dryden and his contemporaries looked upon the ancients as their models. By â€Å"the ancients† they generally meant the ancient writers.Seneca provided the model for tragedy, Terence and Plautus for comedy, Virgil for epic, Horace and Juvenal for satire, Pindar for odes, and Horace for literary criticism. Of all the ancient Roman writers, Dryden respected Virgil the most and repeatedly acknowledged him as his master and guide. Dryden emphasizes the importance of following the classic models with a sense of innovation and originality. He believes that poetry has a historical development, and he wishes â€Å"that poetry may not go backward, when all other arts and sciences are advancing. This refers to his belief in the ability of following the models and the experience of the ancients and trying to get beyond them. The neoclassical era is not partic ularly sensitive to originality and invention, but Dryden believes that originality is to be preferred to good imitation, and is a greater proof of genius. Dryden opposes Aristotle in believing that the plot is the first of all elements in a play and the basis on which the others are built, he believes that it’s rather the author's language, the diction and thought, that form the basis of a play.He also opposes the strongly conventionalized characters and plots of Roman comedies, asking for a wider imitation of nature, although he also appreciates the advantages of structural simplicity, but the interest of the plot and the characters is also to be found in variety and not simply in a well-defined structure. In variety we recognize human behavior, real life, and the essence of nature. John Dryden’s essay â€Å"An essay on Dramatic Poesy† gives an explicit account of neoclassical theory of art in general.He defends the classical drama standing on the line of Aris totle, saying that it is an imitation of life, and that it reflects human nature clearly. The essay is written in the form of dialogue concerned to four gentlemen: Eugenius, Crites, Lisideius and Neander. Neander seems to speak for Dryden himself. Eugenius takes the side of the modern English dramatists by criticizing the faults of the classical playwright. Crites defends the ancient , he opposes the use of rhyme in plays and argues that through the moderns excel in science ,the ancient age was the true age of poetry .He notes that poetry is now held in lower esteem , in an atmosphere of ‘Few good poets and so many severe judges’ , his essential argument is that the ancients were faithful imitators and wise observers of nature which is ‘ill represented in our plays ‘ he states that ‘they have handed down to us a perfect resemblance of her (nature) which we , like ill copiers , neglecting to look on , have rendered monstrous and disfigured’ Lesid eius defends the French playwrights and attacks the English tendency to mix genres.He defines a play as a just and lively image of human nature, representing its passions and humors and the change of fortune to which it is subject, for the delight and instruction of mankind† A definition that is very different from Aristotle’s; the latter has defined tragedy not as the representation of ‘human nature’ but as the imitation of a serious and complete action. Neander who speaks for Dryden himself, favors the moderns, respects the ancients, and is critical to rigid rules of drama. He defends rhyme if it is in proper place .Neander argues that tragic comedy is the best form for a play; because it is the closest to life in which emotions are heightened by both mirth and sadness. He complains that the Ancients were either tragedians or comedians, and that it is easier to attain perfection in this way, writing only the kind of thing one does best. He states that thi s natural gift has to be controlled by techniques; the good writer must know the emotions he is depicting, and he must not get carried away by them in order to remain credible in the eyes of the audience. He also finds subplots as an integral part to enrich a play.Neander favors the violation of the unities of time , place and action because it leads to the variety to the English plays, he argues that the unities have a narrowing effect on the play . The violation of unities helps the English dramatists present a mere, just and lively image of human nature. Neoclassicism comprised a return to the classical models, literary styles and values of ancient Greek and Roman authors , but if Dryden is neoclassical , it is in the sense that he acknowledges the classics as having furnished archetypes for drama , but modern writers are at liberty to create their own archetypes and their own literary traditions.

Student Information System

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all we would like to thank program director Mr. Satya Bahadur Shrestha and our subject teacher Mr. Keshav Poudel for providing us with an opportunity to do our project work on â€Å"Student Information System† as part of our syllabus. We are heartily indebted to our subject teacher Mr. Keshav Poudel for his constant support and guidance throughout this project. It was his valuable suggestions that helped us to cope up with emerging obstacles during the development of this project. Group Members Ashish Shahi Sanjay Maharjan Sulashyana Shrestha TABLE OF CONTENTTable of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. 1. Introduction about the Project 2. 2. Objectives 2. 3. Scope of the Project 2. SYSTEM STUDY 3. 4. Existing System 3. 5. Disadvantage 3. 6. Proposed System 3. 7. Advantage of the Proposed System 3. 8. Problem Definition and Description 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 4. 9. Package Selected 4. 10. Resources Required 4. 11. Feasibility Study 4. 12. 1. Operational Feasibility 4. 12. 2. Technical Feasibility 4. 12. 3. Economic Feasibility 4. 12. Functional Requirement 4. 13. Non Functional Requirement 4. 14. Use Case 4. 15. Sequence Diagram 4. 16. Project Scheduling . SYSTEM DESIGN 5. 17. Process Diagram 5. 18. Entity Relationship 5. TESTING 6. 19. Testing 6. 20. 4. Unit Testing 6. 20. 5. Integration Testing 6. 20. 6. System Testing 6. CONCLUSION 7. 20. Summary of the Project 7. 21. Future Work INTRODUCTION Introduction about the Project Nowadays technology has reached its highest level and is in the phase of developing more with the new innovations. Student’s Information System (SIS) is an important aspect of any educational institute. The information about the student’s overall performance is important as to generate student’s progress report.Still different colleges record student’s performance report on the paper. Although records can be recorded on the paper manually, but this process is time consuming activity. With the a dvancement of technology, computerized techniques are more useful and consume less time compared to paper work. Hence computerized techniques should be used in colleges to record and access student’s data which is more effective and efficient to use. The Student Information System is aimed to computerize the record keeping system as to make the job easier for the college administrators. 1. 2 ObjectivesThe main objective of this project is to develop software that helps in easy access of the information about the student, their overall performance in one click. Our system is focused to make a web based SIS which makes the work of measuring student’s performance easier and efficient. The main intention is to provide a system with suitable efficiency and accuracy while maintaining its main objective to access student’s performance report. * Ensures that end users have input the design process. * Accomplish project goals and objective within defined budget and time parameters. To implement a computer based program as to make the work effective and efficient. Scope of the Project As discussed above this project is based on developing software that is capable of finding student’s performance report. The system will be able to show student’s performance report. This system will help to reduce the effort to record the entire student’s performance data in files. This system will save time and increase efficiency. This project is purely based on the research and along with the study and requirement of this project in academic field. 2. SYSTEM STUDY 2. 1 Existing SystemThe existing system of managing SIS in the college is based on the file recording system. The recording method of this system is totally based on file system and the data about the students are recorded in a file and to search the performance graph about a student the files are to be searched according to the student’s semester. 2. 2 Disadvantage The existin g system is very time consuming and is not effective as it is based on the file recording system. To search one student’s report all the existing files are to be searched. Modification and updating process is hazard, which is time consuming and inefficient. . 3 Proposed System The system we are about to make is a web based system dealing with the Student Information System. Particularly it is based on the activities related to the recording and accessing the student’s performance report. The proposed system is a computerized system which will be much more effective than the filing system. 2. 4 Advantage of the Proposed System As the system is a computerized system, it will reduce the effort to record the student’s progress report on the files. It will also save time in recording, managing and accessing the student’s data. 2. 5 Problem Definition and DescriptionIn any academic institute student’s information is an important aspect as it is related t o the institute and the student studying in it. The student’s information about their overall performance in their academic career is essential and it is to be recorded in a proper way, so that the necessary information can be access when required. Our system Student Information System (SIS) is focused make a computerized system that records the student’s performance information. The main intention is to provide a system with suitable efficiency and accuracy while recording, managing and accessing the recorded data along with appropriate speed. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3. 1 Packages Selected The package used in the development of our system is Java Net Bin. 3. 2 Resources Required 3. 2. 1 Hardware Requirement Hardware: PC compatible with a Intel Pentium- III processor RAM: 1-GB RAM Hard disk: 20-GB 3. 2. 2 Software Requirement Operating System: Windows 2000 Professional Software: jdk 1. 7. 0_02, jre 7 Front End: Java Back End: MySQL 3. 3 Feasibility Study We made our estimation on whether the system is able to satisfy the user’s need using the software/hardware technologies being used in the developing the system.We made our study on the basis of cost effectiveness of the proposed system from the business point of view. Considering the time and cost the feasibility study were made and further detailed analysis was done. The study is based on the following: * Whether the system contributed to the main objective of the project * Whether the system can be engineered using current technology and within budget and schedule constraints. 3. 3. 1 Operational feasibility We made our study on the basis of the operational factors of the system. Our system is feasible on the operational environment as well.The users who are going to operate on this system will able to understand the system and can use it easily by some training. 3. 3. 2 Technical feasibility The hardware and software used in this system are easily available in the current technical environment so it is easy to use and feasible with our system. Due to technical feasibility further changes can be performed easily. 3. 3. 3 Economic Feasibility Our system is economically feasible as it is under our budgetary constraints. This system is cost effective because * The tools and technologies used for this system are free for non commercial use. This system provides quality of information and the ease of access to the information required. The system can prove effective and efficient and can establish itself as valuable assets for the one who implements it. 3. 4 Functional Requirement The system provides a web base where a large number of pages are crawled for a particular domain and are stored. The statement of services that our system provides as the systems functional requirements are as follows * The administrator would be able to insert, delete, modify and update the records based on student’s the performance. The system would be able to display all the recorded perfor mance information about the student. 3. 5 Non-Functional Requirements * Usability Our system will provide the web interface to the end users with the optimum user- friendliness so that they can get accustomed while operating the system. * Reliability The system developed will be able to meet the expectations of the user as well as, it would be reliable to matchup with the existing products * Performance Our system shall return the matched documents from its web base within considerable amount of time. Security Our system provides a web interface, so in order to make the system secure, any user needs to get authenticated. This would help the system be free from spamming and other kinds of attacks. 3. 6 Project scheduling | Gantt Chart| | | | | Days| 1-5 days| 6-10 days| 11-15 days| 16-20 days| 21-25 days| 26-30 days|   | | | | | | | Activities| | | | | | | Planning|   | | | | |   | Feasibility study| |   |   | | |   | System analysis| | |   |   | |   | System design | | |   |   | |   | Coding| | |   |   |   |   | Testing| | |   |   |   |   |Implementation|   |   |   |   |   |   | The above Gantt chart represents the activities conducted by our team members and the days required to complete all the activities. The activities performed were planning which required five days, feasibility study which required ten days from day 6 to day 15, database design, and interface design required ten days from day 11 to day 20, coding would require ten days, testing would require five days from days and lastly implementation would also require five days from days.As this project is based on the design of the Student Information System, coding system testing and implementation was not conducted but duration was separated for these activities as well. 4. SYSTEM DESIGN 4. 1 System Design 4. 2 Design Description 4. 2. 1 Use Case The use case defines a goal oriented set of interaction between external actors and the system under c onsideration. Actors are parties outside the system that interact with the system. In SIS actors are the users. Use case diagram of Student Information System Insert records Delete recordsUpdate records Search required record View records record Administrator User 4. 2. 2 Sequence diagram for â€Å"Student Information System† 2. Accept password 1. Enter Password Display System Information System Login System 3. System Access 4. Display Record 5. Display require information to the user User Fig: Sequence Diagram for Student Information System 4. 2. 3 Architectural Process Diagram Fail Pass Add Delete Edit Edit Delete Submit Exit Report Action Exit Operation Performance Info Student Info Student Informationon 4. 3 Entity Table: Table name: StudentAttributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| S_Id| Integer| 20| Primary Key| S_name| Varchar| 20| -| S_semester| Integer| 20| -| S_phone| Integer| 20| -| Table name: Result Attributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| S_name| Varchar| 20 | -| S_marks| Integer| 20| -| Table name: Login Attributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| Username| Varchar| 20| -| Password| Varchar| 20| -| Time| Varchar| 20| -| Table name: Administrator Attributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| Admin_Id| Integer| 20| Primary key| Admin_name| Varchar| 20| -| 4. 4 Entity DiagramStudent S_name S_Id S_phone S_semester Fig 4. 3. 1. Entity diagram for student Result S_name Marks Fig 4. 3. 2. Entity diagram for result Username Password Time Login Fig 4. 3. 3. Entity diagram for login Admin_Id Admin_name Admin Fig 4. 3. 4. Entity diagram for Admin 4. 4. 1 ER-Diagram of â€Å"Student Information System† Login Admin Student Result Attend Performs Records Performs 4. 5 Context Diagram: Update info Marks Student details Administrator Student information system Student Id Semester result Student Login details 5. TESTING 5. 1 TestingOur system has been tested throughout the design of the system. As testing is important part of the system developmen t process, we have tested the system throughout the design phase rather than testing the system after the complete development. The following tests are to be done during the system development 5. 1. 1. Unit Testing We will have to test each and every small units of our system. The source code of our system would be divided into modules, which in turn would be divided into small parts called units having their specific behavior.From the unit testing we will come to know if the combination of the units leads to the fulfillment of the software requirements or not. 5. 1. 2. Integration Testing In this testing we will combine the modules and test it as a group. Modules would be typically code modules, individual applications, client server application in the network, etc. Integration testing follows unit testing and precedes system testing. 5. 1. 3. System testing As there are the possibilities of different unexpected errors to occur after integration so the system testing would be done. The system would be tested to check whether it met its requirements and ensure the known and predictable results. System testing would be based on the process description, emphasizing pre-driven process links and integration points. 6. CONCLUSION 6. 1 Summary of the Project Managing student’s performance information is a very important activity of any educational institute. This project is aimed to develop a computerized Student Information System that helps to make recording and accessing the information easy and effective. Subsequent numbers of lectures were reviewed before starting the project.Then further steps were taken such as system study, system’s feasibility and many others considerations. Though the system needs some improvements and future enhancement is also a challenging task, the overall outcome of the project is expected in its design considerations. Enormous knowledge has been gained throughout the project. The importances of background research, syste m study, requirement analysis different methodologies were learnt. Also implementing techniques, testing have been exercised. Thus we hope our system provides appropriate nformation to the users according to the chosen service and would help to reduce unnecessary time managing the repots on the paper. 6. 2 Future Work Our Student Information System has many aspects that can be upgraded with future works. There are different future possibilities that the system can enhance its features in terms of the technology and design. In order to make even more effective and efficient use of the system the user interface can be developed in a more interactive way and technological changes can be made. As per the time, knowledge and necessity the system scan be made better in future. Student Information System ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all we would like to thank program director Mr. Satya Bahadur Shrestha and our subject teacher Mr. Keshav Poudel for providing us with an opportunity to do our project work on â€Å"Student Information System† as part of our syllabus. We are heartily indebted to our subject teacher Mr. Keshav Poudel for his constant support and guidance throughout this project. It was his valuable suggestions that helped us to cope up with emerging obstacles during the development of this project. Group Members Ashish Shahi Sanjay Maharjan Sulashyana Shrestha TABLE OF CONTENTTable of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. 1. Introduction about the Project 2. 2. Objectives 2. 3. Scope of the Project 2. SYSTEM STUDY 3. 4. Existing System 3. 5. Disadvantage 3. 6. Proposed System 3. 7. Advantage of the Proposed System 3. 8. Problem Definition and Description 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 4. 9. Package Selected 4. 10. Resources Required 4. 11. Feasibility Study 4. 12. 1. Operational Feasibility 4. 12. 2. Technical Feasibility 4. 12. 3. Economic Feasibility 4. 12. Functional Requirement 4. 13. Non Functional Requirement 4. 14. Use Case 4. 15. Sequence Diagram 4. 16. Project Scheduling . SYSTEM DESIGN 5. 17. Process Diagram 5. 18. Entity Relationship 5. TESTING 6. 19. Testing 6. 20. 4. Unit Testing 6. 20. 5. Integration Testing 6. 20. 6. System Testing 6. CONCLUSION 7. 20. Summary of the Project 7. 21. Future Work INTRODUCTION Introduction about the Project Nowadays technology has reached its highest level and is in the phase of developing more with the new innovations. Student’s Information System (SIS) is an important aspect of any educational institute. The information about the student’s overall performance is important as to generate student’s progress report.Still different colleges record student’s performance report on the paper. Although records can be recorded on the paper manually, but this process is time consuming activity. With the a dvancement of technology, computerized techniques are more useful and consume less time compared to paper work. Hence computerized techniques should be used in colleges to record and access student’s data which is more effective and efficient to use. The Student Information System is aimed to computerize the record keeping system as to make the job easier for the college administrators. 1. 2 ObjectivesThe main objective of this project is to develop software that helps in easy access of the information about the student, their overall performance in one click. Our system is focused to make a web based SIS which makes the work of measuring student’s performance easier and efficient. The main intention is to provide a system with suitable efficiency and accuracy while maintaining its main objective to access student’s performance report. * Ensures that end users have input the design process. * Accomplish project goals and objective within defined budget and time parameters. To implement a computer based program as to make the work effective and efficient. Scope of the Project As discussed above this project is based on developing software that is capable of finding student’s performance report. The system will be able to show student’s performance report. This system will help to reduce the effort to record the entire student’s performance data in files. This system will save time and increase efficiency. This project is purely based on the research and along with the study and requirement of this project in academic field. 2. SYSTEM STUDY 2. 1 Existing SystemThe existing system of managing SIS in the college is based on the file recording system. The recording method of this system is totally based on file system and the data about the students are recorded in a file and to search the performance graph about a student the files are to be searched according to the student’s semester. 2. 2 Disadvantage The existin g system is very time consuming and is not effective as it is based on the file recording system. To search one student’s report all the existing files are to be searched. Modification and updating process is hazard, which is time consuming and inefficient. . 3 Proposed System The system we are about to make is a web based system dealing with the Student Information System. Particularly it is based on the activities related to the recording and accessing the student’s performance report. The proposed system is a computerized system which will be much more effective than the filing system. 2. 4 Advantage of the Proposed System As the system is a computerized system, it will reduce the effort to record the student’s progress report on the files. It will also save time in recording, managing and accessing the student’s data. 2. 5 Problem Definition and DescriptionIn any academic institute student’s information is an important aspect as it is related t o the institute and the student studying in it. The student’s information about their overall performance in their academic career is essential and it is to be recorded in a proper way, so that the necessary information can be access when required. Our system Student Information System (SIS) is focused make a computerized system that records the student’s performance information. The main intention is to provide a system with suitable efficiency and accuracy while recording, managing and accessing the recorded data along with appropriate speed. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3. 1 Packages Selected The package used in the development of our system is Java Net Bin. 3. 2 Resources Required 3. 2. 1 Hardware Requirement Hardware: PC compatible with a Intel Pentium- III processor RAM: 1-GB RAM Hard disk: 20-GB 3. 2. 2 Software Requirement Operating System: Windows 2000 Professional Software: jdk 1. 7. 0_02, jre 7 Front End: Java Back End: MySQL 3. 3 Feasibility Study We made our estimation on whether the system is able to satisfy the user’s need using the software/hardware technologies being used in the developing the system.We made our study on the basis of cost effectiveness of the proposed system from the business point of view. Considering the time and cost the feasibility study were made and further detailed analysis was done. The study is based on the following: * Whether the system contributed to the main objective of the project * Whether the system can be engineered using current technology and within budget and schedule constraints. 3. 3. 1 Operational feasibility We made our study on the basis of the operational factors of the system. Our system is feasible on the operational environment as well.The users who are going to operate on this system will able to understand the system and can use it easily by some training. 3. 3. 2 Technical feasibility The hardware and software used in this system are easily available in the current technical environment so it is easy to use and feasible with our system. Due to technical feasibility further changes can be performed easily. 3. 3. 3 Economic Feasibility Our system is economically feasible as it is under our budgetary constraints. This system is cost effective because * The tools and technologies used for this system are free for non commercial use. This system provides quality of information and the ease of access to the information required. The system can prove effective and efficient and can establish itself as valuable assets for the one who implements it. 3. 4 Functional Requirement The system provides a web base where a large number of pages are crawled for a particular domain and are stored. The statement of services that our system provides as the systems functional requirements are as follows * The administrator would be able to insert, delete, modify and update the records based on student’s the performance. The system would be able to display all the recorded perfor mance information about the student. 3. 5 Non-Functional Requirements * Usability Our system will provide the web interface to the end users with the optimum user- friendliness so that they can get accustomed while operating the system. * Reliability The system developed will be able to meet the expectations of the user as well as, it would be reliable to matchup with the existing products * Performance Our system shall return the matched documents from its web base within considerable amount of time. Security Our system provides a web interface, so in order to make the system secure, any user needs to get authenticated. This would help the system be free from spamming and other kinds of attacks. 3. 6 Project scheduling | Gantt Chart| | | | | Days| 1-5 days| 6-10 days| 11-15 days| 16-20 days| 21-25 days| 26-30 days|   | | | | | | | Activities| | | | | | | Planning|   | | | | |   | Feasibility study| |   |   | | |   | System analysis| | |   |   | |   | System design | | |   |   | |   | Coding| | |   |   |   |   | Testing| | |   |   |   |   |Implementation|   |   |   |   |   |   | The above Gantt chart represents the activities conducted by our team members and the days required to complete all the activities. The activities performed were planning which required five days, feasibility study which required ten days from day 6 to day 15, database design, and interface design required ten days from day 11 to day 20, coding would require ten days, testing would require five days from days and lastly implementation would also require five days from days.As this project is based on the design of the Student Information System, coding system testing and implementation was not conducted but duration was separated for these activities as well. 4. SYSTEM DESIGN 4. 1 System Design 4. 2 Design Description 4. 2. 1 Use Case The use case defines a goal oriented set of interaction between external actors and the system under c onsideration. Actors are parties outside the system that interact with the system. In SIS actors are the users. Use case diagram of Student Information System Insert records Delete recordsUpdate records Search required record View records record Administrator User 4. 2. 2 Sequence diagram for â€Å"Student Information System† 2. Accept password 1. Enter Password Display System Information System Login System 3. System Access 4. Display Record 5. Display require information to the user User Fig: Sequence Diagram for Student Information System 4. 2. 3 Architectural Process Diagram Fail Pass Add Delete Edit Edit Delete Submit Exit Report Action Exit Operation Performance Info Student Info Student Informationon 4. 3 Entity Table: Table name: StudentAttributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| S_Id| Integer| 20| Primary Key| S_name| Varchar| 20| -| S_semester| Integer| 20| -| S_phone| Integer| 20| -| Table name: Result Attributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| S_name| Varchar| 20 | -| S_marks| Integer| 20| -| Table name: Login Attributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| Username| Varchar| 20| -| Password| Varchar| 20| -| Time| Varchar| 20| -| Table name: Administrator Attributes| Data type| Length| Constraints| Admin_Id| Integer| 20| Primary key| Admin_name| Varchar| 20| -| 4. 4 Entity DiagramStudent S_name S_Id S_phone S_semester Fig 4. 3. 1. Entity diagram for student Result S_name Marks Fig 4. 3. 2. Entity diagram for result Username Password Time Login Fig 4. 3. 3. Entity diagram for login Admin_Id Admin_name Admin Fig 4. 3. 4. Entity diagram for Admin 4. 4. 1 ER-Diagram of â€Å"Student Information System† Login Admin Student Result Attend Performs Records Performs 4. 5 Context Diagram: Update info Marks Student details Administrator Student information system Student Id Semester result Student Login details 5. TESTING 5. 1 TestingOur system has been tested throughout the design of the system. As testing is important part of the system developmen t process, we have tested the system throughout the design phase rather than testing the system after the complete development. The following tests are to be done during the system development 5. 1. 1. Unit Testing We will have to test each and every small units of our system. The source code of our system would be divided into modules, which in turn would be divided into small parts called units having their specific behavior.From the unit testing we will come to know if the combination of the units leads to the fulfillment of the software requirements or not. 5. 1. 2. Integration Testing In this testing we will combine the modules and test it as a group. Modules would be typically code modules, individual applications, client server application in the network, etc. Integration testing follows unit testing and precedes system testing. 5. 1. 3. System testing As there are the possibilities of different unexpected errors to occur after integration so the system testing would be done. The system would be tested to check whether it met its requirements and ensure the known and predictable results. System testing would be based on the process description, emphasizing pre-driven process links and integration points. 6. CONCLUSION 6. 1 Summary of the Project Managing student’s performance information is a very important activity of any educational institute. This project is aimed to develop a computerized Student Information System that helps to make recording and accessing the information easy and effective. Subsequent numbers of lectures were reviewed before starting the project.Then further steps were taken such as system study, system’s feasibility and many others considerations. Though the system needs some improvements and future enhancement is also a challenging task, the overall outcome of the project is expected in its design considerations. Enormous knowledge has been gained throughout the project. The importances of background research, syste m study, requirement analysis different methodologies were learnt. Also implementing techniques, testing have been exercised. Thus we hope our system provides appropriate nformation to the users according to the chosen service and would help to reduce unnecessary time managing the repots on the paper. 6. 2 Future Work Our Student Information System has many aspects that can be upgraded with future works. There are different future possibilities that the system can enhance its features in terms of the technology and design. In order to make even more effective and efficient use of the system the user interface can be developed in a more interactive way and technological changes can be made. As per the time, knowledge and necessity the system scan be made better in future.

Online Dating

Online Dating â€Å"Are you ready to find the love of your lifer, â€Å"Experience the difference†, â€Å"Someone special is already waiting for you† are all different things you might hear on an online dating commercial, but is it really as good as they say? According to a study conducted by the Washington Post and PC World not even 20% of the connections made on these websites turn into committed relationships. Conventional dating is much safer and efficient than online dating in finding someone one actually wants to be with.Online dating may seem easier than conventional dating, but is that actually true? When diving into the world of online dating one cannot be completely sure that they are actually talking to that person. It could be someone acting as another person, or even a sex offender. Over 10% of all online dating users are considered to be sex offenders according to Reuters. Anyone can set up an online dating account whenever they please, and that can turn out to be dangerous because one never truly knows who they are connecting with.Conventional dating on the ther hand is usually much safer and there are multiple benefits to it that online dating doesn't have. The obvious benefit to conventional dating is that one is with that person face to face. It is very difficult to lie about height, weight, and age if the conversation is face to face, unlike online dating. According to a study most men lie about their height, weight, and income while women usually lie about their weight, physical build, and age. The odds are that your date will not be lying about their physical appearance on a face to face date.

Food Wastage Essay

Food wastage is a problem faced by every developing and developed country around the world. According to a book by Tristram Stuart,Waste: Uncovering the Global Food Scandal(Penguin, 2009), approximately 40 million tonnes of food are wasted by US households, retailers and food services each year. This is sufficient to feed the nearly one billion malnourished people in the world. Yet in spite of this trend, peope continue to waste food at an alarming rate. Currently, a third of food produced around the world for human consumption is lost or wasted. This is equivalent to about 1. 3 billion tons of edible food every year, and less than a quarter of it is enough to satisfy the hunger of every hungry person in the world. In Hong Kong, 32 tonnes of solid food waste is produced each day, where the mast majority is dumped on the landfills which are running out of space. In tropical climates like Hong Kong, the decomposition of these food emit harmful greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon dioxide which capture and retain heat in the atmosphere. This accelerates and exacerbates the severity of global warming. If we stop wasting food that could have been consumed, it would be equivalent to reducing the carbon footprint of one in every four cars on the road. It is also worth noting that, by reducing the amount of food waste that is being sent to the landfill, we can extend the lifespan of the landfills in addition to reducing the burden on Hong Kong’s environment. That being said, it is time we take action to curb the trend of food wastage. In my opinion, there are three strategies to counter this pertinent issue at hand: campaigns by non-government organizations, distribution of free pamphlets in supermarkets, and government policy control on food portions in restaurants. In order the ameliorate the problem of food wastage, it is important to start from the root of the issue-providing education and enhancing social awareness through campaigns. In my opinion, most people are unaware of the severe repercussions that food wastage brings to the environment. By educating the people and raising the awareness, it is fair to say that the problem will at least be mitigated. Campaigns would be a good way to start, and Hong Kong should follow the model in the UK. Love Food, Hate Waste is a non-profit organization in the UK which aims to raise awareness of the need to reduce food waste as well as encourage people to take action. It teaches people easy, practical ways to do at home that helps people waste less food and at the same time, save money and help the environment. For example, it has a user-friendly website which teaches people everything from how to store foods longer to how to make use of leftover foods from dinner for their next meal. It even has a portion tool that helps to estimate approximately how much food a person needs for the meal, based on the type of food it is and the number of people consumingit, so that there is a lower chance of food wastage. For example, if an adult would like to have beef for dinner, it would be approximately 100grams whereas for a child, it would be about 70grams. Love Food, Hate Waste is a successful model that Hong Kong should aim to emulate, because it has user-friendly, practical ways that people can follow so that food waste can be effectively reduced. Another way to alleviate food wastage is to provide free brochures in every supermarket in Hong Kong, so that it raises the awareness of the people. This will help them make informed choices on the quantity of food to buy, as well as how to store them such that they take a longer time to expire. For example, wrapping vegetables in newspaper helps prolong its shelf life. Also, sealing off leftover food in a jar and placing them into the freezer helps exend its expiry date by a few days, if not weeks. Another example is separating apples from other fruits. This is because they give off ethylene gas, which will make other fruit become overripe . That being said, this method of discouraging food waste may be expensive. Printing millions of brochures is economically and environmentally costly. A large amount of money has to put aside for the production of the brochures, while heaps of paper would have to be used to print them. It may be a possible means to raise awareness on food wastage; however it is not the best option available. Last but not least, the government can implement a policy that regulates food portions in restaurants. People waste considerable amounts of food when they eat out, and one of the possible reasons is that they cannot finish their food. Therefore, one proposal is that the government can first impose a policy that controls the portion of meals served by restaurants, in order to wither down on the unnecessary food wasted. Restaurants can provide three serving portions for the customer to choose from-small, regular and large. This provides the suitable quantity of food for the customers such that it balances food wastage and customer satisfaction. Customers who are unable to finish their food will have to pay a penalty or fine. However, this proposal may be sit well with the people in Hong Kong. Some restaurants lure customers with their large food portions for a comparatively cheaper price, and hence if the government were to regulate the food portion of each restaurant, it would certainly face opposition from the owners of these restaurants. Not to mention, it is very difficult to measure the exact quantity of food of each restaurant to determine which category they fall into. While this may be a possible option in future, it is certainly too difficult to measure and monitor this over a long period of time. Large amounts of resources would have to be put in for a policy which may not be popular or effective at all. All in all, food wastage is an urgent problem that needs our immediate attention. Swift action would have to be taken if we were to mitigate this issue before it goes out of hand. We as the citizens of the world should be aware and take responsibility and reduce the environmental impact of solid food waste. The first step to achieving this goal is to advocate campaigns and follow the successful model of Love Food, Hate Waste in the UK. Only then will we start to have a clearer conscience and a better environment to live in.

Gender Role Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender Role - Essay Example "Slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women" (Jacobs, 2003). Through the character of Linda, Harriet Jacobs depicts that women sexual abuse and physical violence are the main forms of humiliation and oppression. Sexual abuse of a slave woman is the expression of male's power and dominance of the owner. Jacobs describes that socially slave women are used to be oppressed. They have no rights to protect their dignity and freedom used to cultural norms followed by generations. "But I do earnestly desire to arouse the women of the North to a realizing sense of the condition of two millions of women at the South, still in bondage, suffering what I suffered, and most of them far worse" (Jacobs, 2003). Similar to Jacobs, Frederick Douglass discusses the role of gender in society and its impact on relations between a slave and owner. Gender roles in 'Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass' shape not only how people identify themselves and view the world but also how others identify and relate to them and how they are positioned within society. "Slaveholders have ordained, and by law established, that the children of slave women shall in all cases follow the condition of their mothers" (Douglass, 1997). Both Jacobs and Douglass portray that women are traditionally associated with childbearing, child rearing, emotional caretaking, and responsibility for the physical maintenance of the household. In contrast, men are associated with the activities of wage labor, physical prowess, intellectual achievements, and political agency. "Slaveholders pride themselves upon being honorable men; but if you were to hear the enormous lies they tell their slaves, you would have small respect fo r their veracity" (Douglass, 1997).This gender labeling is so strong that even when women work, they typically do so in areas regarded as "women's work". Also, "Women are considered of no value, unless they continually increase their owner's stock. They are put on a par with animals" (Jacobs, 2003). Labor markets are thus segregated horizontally by gender, with women and men differentiated in occupational roles. Dominance of men adds aggression and cruelty to cultural dimensions and values. Both narratives under analysis describe masculine societies. Masculinity describes a society in which men are expected to be assertive, competitive, and concerned with material success, and women fulfill the role of nurturer and are concerned with issues such as the welfare of children. Lack of respect towards women results in norms and values which reflect gender roles. It means that men play a dominant position as keepers of traditions and customers in contrast to women who perform a reproduction function only. Jacobs portrays that even free women suffer from male oppression and low social roles. "Mrs. Flint, like many southern women, was totally deficient in energy. She had not strength to superintend her household affairs" (Jacobs, 2003). Jacobs chose to write about gender roles faced with extreme violence and oppression during her young years. She underlines that emotional abuse is socially accepted form of violence. The consequence of emotional abuse is that it causes the greatest distress resulted in betrayal of trust and responsibility involved. Douglass writes about gender roles

American Dream for Slaves, Indians, and Puritans Essay

American Dream for Slaves, Indians, and Puritans - Essay Example Over time, they establish their communities, and become a part of the cosmopolitan society of America. These people had dreams that pushed them to leave their original homes, and settle in America. In trying to analyze the truth in George Carlin’s comment, it is imperative to consider facts from such groups. In the colonial era, slaves, Indians, and puritans all had dreams; and this paper intends to examine the interpretation of these groups of the American dream. This paper will also consider the obstacles they encountered in their mission, and whether or not they pursued their course. Colonial Era In looking at American history, slaves were of African origin. They Africans could only be referred to as slaves, after they had been bough officially by a planter or an owner of a plantation. The first slaves arrived in America in the early 1500s1. Slavery was oppressive, and colonies with produce specialization relied heavily on slaves. The slaves had no rights, were not allowed to accrue wages, and they were given only what was enough for their survival. Slaves came mainly from West, and Central Africa. By 1700, the number of slaves in America was about 20, 000. The slaves were forcibly brought to America. Between 1700 and 1750, an additional 250, 000 people had been involuntarily brought to British to serve as slaves. At the time that Europeans arrived in America, there were between 10 and 90 million American Indians. This native population appreciated the resources that nature placed at their disposal. The respected it, and used it accordingly. When Europeans landed in America, the American Indians were accommodative of their visitors since they were fascinated by the tools they brought with them. As the number of Europeans grew, they wanted to conquer the land, and make it theirs. Though they tried to coexist with the Europeans, the American Indians were quickly overtaken by events. The Europeans took over the land, pushed them to the side, imposed thei r ideals on them, and became their rulers. The European governments laid claim on the land, and divided it amongst themselves2. The American Indians were even enslaved by the Europeans. The period between 1500 and 1776 is characterized, in American History, by the colonization of America by Europeans. Puritans were immigrants from England to America. The Puritans were established in America by 400 settlers. These settlers in 1629 began the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Their numbers grew in leaps and bounds, and by 1640, their population had reached 1640. They extended their region of coverage to Connecticut, Saybrook, and New Haven3. American dream As time went by, the African population grew to outnumber that of the whites. The African slaves bore children who were born into slavery. These children knew no other home other that the fields in which they worked. To them, slavery was their destined way of life, and some of them did nothing to go against this. But as time passed, some sla ves were able to earn enough to buy their freedom4. They turned around to become advocates against slavery. They convinced their fellow Africans who were still bound in slavery that there was a better way of life. Though brought in captivity, the slaves dreamt of freedom in America. The American Indians, being a people who had respect for nature, found themselves in the midst of